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- Name : Neptunium
- Symbol : Nu
- Atomic # : 93
- Atom weight: 237
- Melting P. : 640
- Boiling P. : 3902 (Calculated value)
- Oxidation : +3, +4, +5, +6
- Pronounced : nep-TOO-ni-em
- From : Named for the planet Neptune
- Identified : Edwin M. McMillan and Philip H. Abelson in 1940
- Appearance : Silvery metal
- Note : Produced artificially prior to its discovery in nature
-
- [Properties]
-
- Neptunium is the first of transuranium elements - elements having atomic
- numbers higher than that of uranium, number 92. Neptunium belongs to the
- actinide series of elements.
- All isotopes of neptunium are radioactive. However, neptunium-237 has a
- very long life - on the order of two million years. This long-lived
- isotope was the first to be created in measurable amounts and is the one
- that is commercially available today.
- The discovery of neptunium was also important because it provided a
- missing link fro a systematic group of radioactive decay processes. It was
- known that the thorium decay series has atomic mass numbers with values
- evenly divisible by 4. The uranium series featured atomic mass numbers
- divisible by 4 with a remainder of 2, and the actinium series had mass
- numbers divisible by 4 with a remainder of 3. It was frustrating to be
- unable to find a decay series where the mass numbers would be divisible by
- 4 with a remainder of 1. This frustration was finally relieved with the
- discovery of neptunium.
-